Precast reinforced concrete structures are widely used in industrial buildings and structures with large open spaces, owing to their speed of construction and the reduction of on-site structural work. However, the seismic performance of these structures depends heavily on the efficiency of the connections between structural elements and their ability to resist horizontal displacements and earthquake-induced forces. Some earthquakes, including the 2012 Emilia-Romagna earthquake in Italy, caused damage and collapses in precast buildings as a result of the loss of support of horizontal elements or the inadequacy of connections in resisting seismic effects. In light of these challenges, engineering studies have moved toward developing modern techniques to improve the seismic performance of existing structures. Among the most prominent is the use of hysteretic energy dissipation devices, which rely on the repeated yielding of metallic materials to absorb part of the energy generated by seismic vibrations. This technique offers the possibility of installing the devices at specific locations in the structure, which limits the need for extensive modifications to existing concrete elements and helps reduce retrofitting costs and construction complexity. Yielding devices fabricated from low-carbon steel plates, including C-shaped devices, are among the solutions addressed in studies on the development of energy dissipation systems. These devices work through controlled plastic deformation of the steel when the structure is subjected to lateral loads, which allows seismic energy to be dissipated and reduces the amount of energy transferred to the main structural elements. The performance of these devices depends on the material properties, the geometry of the device, the thickness and shape of the plates, as well as the nature, direction, and frequency of loading. One important aspect addressed by previous research is the study of the behavior of energy dissipation devices under reversed cyclic loading, with the aim of determining their capacity to withstand repeated deformations and maintain stable performance. The effect of heat treatment and the mechanical properties of the steel on yielding behavior is also an important subject of study, as is the development of numerical models capable of representing the nonlinear response of the devices and comparing them with experimental results. This approach helps improve the understanding of the energy dissipation mechanism and develop analytical models that can be used to assess the performance of structures after these devices are added. Improving seismic performance is not limited to the properties of the energy dissipation device alone, but also requires studying the interaction between the components of the structure. In precast concrete frames, the nature of the contact and friction between beams and columns may affect the transfer of forces and the lateral response of the structure. Therefore, representing the behavior of the connections and the frictional interaction within nonlinear numerical models is an important factor for understanding the seismic response mechanism and evaluating the effectiveness of the proposed retrofitting techniques. Another important research direction is determining the strength of the energy dissipation device in proportion to the strength of the surrounding structural elements. The design of the device should allow the yielding and energy dissipation mechanism to be activated before undesirable brittle failure modes occur in the connections or concrete elements. For this purpose, numerical analyses and studies are used to evaluate the effect of the device’s strength, dimensions, and properties on lateral displacements and the overall response of the structure. In this context, research on the seismic redesign of precast reinforced concrete structures focuses on developing practical and economical solutions that can be installed locally while preserving as much of the existing elements as possible. This approach combines experimental testing, finite element analysis, and nonlinear modeling in order to verify the behavior of yielding devices, improve their design, and evaluate their effect on the seismic performance of structures. Based on the above, steel yielding energy dissipation devices represent a promising option for improving the earthquake resistance of precast concrete structures, provided they are designed on clear mechanical principles and their performance is verified both experimentally and numerically. Studying the interaction between the device and the precast concrete structure, determining the appropriate device strength, and understanding the behavior of the connections are all essential factors for developing more efficient, safer, and more economical retrofitting solutions. Prepared by: Dr. Oday Al-Maamouri Primary source: PhD thesis, Seismic Redesign of Precast Portal RC Frames using Yield C-devices, University of Brighton, United Kingdom. A note on two spots in the original: the sentence beginning appears to be missing a word (likely , i.e. “the interaction”), so I translated it as “studying the interaction between the device and the structure.” Also, "المنشا" in a few places is a typo for (structure).