Airport engineering is one of the important fields of civil engineering, as the design of airports and runways requires careful consideration of the enormous loads generated by giant aircraft, which may weigh hundreds of tons during takeoff. Therefore, successful design depends on providing strong and safe infrastructure capable of supporting these weights and ensuring the continuity of efficient aviation operations. The construction of aircraft runways relies on accurate engineering studies that examine soil conditions, mechanical properties, and load-bearing capacity. Multiple layers of materials, such as gravel, granular base courses, asphalt concrete, and reinforced concrete, are used to distribute loads, reduce stress, and prevent settlement or cracking caused by repeated use. The thickness of pavement layers and the quality of construction materials are essential factors in determining runway strength and durability. Aircraft weight, the frequency of takeoffs and landings, and landing gear characteristics all influence design requirements. Climatic conditions, temperature variations, and moisture levels must also be considered because they can affect material durability and gradually deteriorate runway surfaces. Civil engineering at airports is not limited to runway design; it also includes the construction of taxiways, aircraft parking stands, and service areas, as well as drainage systems that prevent water accumulation on runway surfaces and maintain safe aircraft movement. Modern technologies are also used to inspect pavement conditions and monitor cracks and deformations, helping engineers detect problems early and carry out necessary maintenance. With the continuous development of the aviation industry and the emergence of larger and heavier aircraft, the need to improve airport designs through engineering analysis software, advanced materials, and modern construction technologies has become increasingly important. Designing runways capable of supporting giant aircraft represents an engineering challenge that combines scientific precision, safety, and economic efficiency, contributing to the development of more sustainable airports capable of meeting the future demands of air transportation. Assistant Lecturer Buraq Haider Mohsen