Introduction Tensions between the United States and Iran are among the most significant factors affecting the stability of the global economy, given the strategic importance of the Middle East in energy production and export. These tensions are closely linked to global oil and gas markets, making any escalation between the two countries a source of international concern. Therefore, it is essential to examine their impact on energy security and the global economy. First: Nature of the U.S.–Iran Tensions The tensions between the two countries stem from several political and economic factors, most notably disagreements over Iran’s nuclear program, the economic sanctions imposed by the United States, and competition for regional influence. These factors have contributed to ongoing instability in their relationship. Second: Impact on Energy Security Energy security refers to the ability of countries to ensure a stable and affordable supply of energy. The tensions between the United States and Iran affect energy security through several channels: Threats to oil supply: Iran’s proximity to the Strait of Hormuz makes it highly influential in global oil flows, as a significant portion of the world’s oil passes through this route. Any disruption can lead to supply shortages. Rising energy prices: Increased geopolitical risk leads to higher oil prices due to fears of reduced supply. Decline in energy investments: Instability reduces investor confidence, particularly in regions close to conflict zones. Third: Impact on the Global Economy The effects of U.S.–Iran tensions extend to the global economy in several ways: Rising inflation rates due to higher energy costs. Slower economic growth, especially in energy-importing countries. Financial market volatility and reduced investor confidence. Disruptions in international trade and supply chains. Fourth: Impact on Developing Countries Developing countries are the most affected due to their heavy reliance on energy imports. Rising prices increase financial burdens, worsen budget deficits, and raise living costs, which negatively affects economic stability. Fifth: Proposed Solutions Several solutions can help reduce the impact of tensions between the United States and Iran on energy security and the global economy: Strengthening diplomatic dialogue through negotiations and mediation to reduce escalation risks. Diversifying energy sources by investing in renewable and alternative energy. Establishing strategic oil reserves to manage supply disruptions. Enhancing international cooperation between energy producers and consumers to stabilize markets. Securing strategic maritime routes such as the Strait of Hormuz to ensure safe oil transport. Improving energy efficiency to reduce global demand pressure. Conclusion Tensions between the United States and Iran significantly affect energy security and the global economy through oil price volatility, supply risks, and economic pressure, particularly on developing countries. However, effective strategies such as international cooperation, energy diversification, and improved efficiency can help mitigate these impacts and support global economic stability.